3 yrs

Default for everything that ships to a browser or an edge runtime.

4 yrs

Data pipelines, ML glue, and anything that talks to a GPU.

1 yrs

Hot paths — parsers, proxies, and services where p99 is the contract.

2 yrs

CLIs and small network services that need to be boring forever.

3 yrs

The rendering layer for every product UI I've shipped since 2022.

3 yrs

App Router, RSC, edge rendering — the chassis for client work.

2 yrs

Design systems that survive contact with a growing team.

2 yrs

Scroll choreography and any motion that has to hit 60fps.

1 yrs

WebGL scenes and shader work for hero moments.

3 yrs

API layers and realtime services, mostly Fastify + WebSockets.

2 yrs

ML-adjacent services where Python is already in the room.

2 yrs

Federated graphs for product teams that iterate faster than their gateway.

1 yrs

Typed contracts between internal services — schema first, always.

4 yrs

The default answer. Row-level security, logical replication, no drama.

3 yrs

Caching, queues, rate limits — the swiss army knife it always was.

2 yrs

Event backbones for analytics pipelines at ~1M events/min.

1 yrs

Sub-second analytics over billions of rows without a data team.

3 yrs

Reproducible builds and dev environments that match prod.

2 yrs

When the team is big enough to deserve it — not before.

2 yrs

Infrastructure that's reviewed in PRs, not remembered in heads.

2 yrs

Frontend deploys measured in seconds, previews on every push.

2 yrs

Workers, R2, and the edge cases the edge actually solves.

4 yrs

Small commits, honest messages, rebase before review.

2 yrs

CI that runs in minutes and deploys without a human in the loop.

2 yrs

Where I meet designers halfway — and steal their spacing scales.

1 yrs

Fast feedback loops; tests that document intent, not implementation.